Critical Bluetooth Vulnerability In Android (CVE-2020-0022) BlueFrag
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BlueFrag: A Critical Bluetooth Vulnerability in Android that Allows Remote Code Execution
A team of security researchers from ERNW has discovered a serious vulnerability in the Bluetooth stack of Android devices that could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary code without any user interaction. The vulnerability, dubbed BlueFrag, affects Android 8 and 9, and doesn't work with Android 10 where it causes a crash of the Bluetooth daemon. It's possible that versions before Android 8 are affected, but the team hasn't \"evaluated the impact\" on older releases.
The researchers explained that the vulnerability resides in a component of the Bluetooth stack called handleRcpCommand, which is responsible for parsing Remote Control Protocol (RCP) commands. RCP is a protocol used to control media playback on Bluetooth devices. By sending a specially crafted RCP command, an attacker can trigger a heap-based buffer overflow and overwrite adjacent memory regions with arbitrary data. This can lead to code execution in the context of the Bluetooth daemon, which has system privileges.
To exploit the vulnerability, an attacker needs to be within the Bluetooth range of the target device and know its Bluetooth MAC address. The attacker also needs to bypass the Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) protection, which randomizes the memory layout of a process to make it harder to execute code. The researchers suggested some techniques to achieve this, such as brute-forcing or leaking memory addresses from other Bluetooth services.
The researchers reported the vulnerability to Google in November 2019 and it was patched in February 2020 as part of the Android Security Bulletin. They also released a proof-of-concept exploit code and a scanner tool to detect vulnerable devices. They advised users to update their devices to the latest security patch level and disable Bluetooth when not in use.
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BlueFrag is not the first Bluetooth vulnerability that affects Android devices. In 2017, a set of vulnerabilities collectively known as BlueBorne was disclosed, which also allowed remote code execution via Bluetooth. BlueBorne affected millions of devices running Android, iOS, Windows, and Linux. Unlike BlueFrag, BlueBorne did not require the Bluetooth MAC address of the target device and could work even if the device was not in discoverable mode.
Bluetooth vulnerabilities pose a serious threat to the security and privacy of users, as they can be exploited without any user interaction or awareness. Bluetooth is a widely used technology that enables wireless communication between various devices, such as smartphones, laptops, headphones, speakers, keyboards, mice, and more. Bluetooth is also used for applications such as file sharing, contactless payments, health monitoring, and smart home devices. Therefore, any vulnerability in the Bluetooth stack can have a wide impact and expose sensitive data or compromise device functionality.
To prevent Bluetooth attacks, users should always keep their devices updated with the latest security patches and avoid using Bluetooth in public places or crowded areas. Users should also disable Bluetooth when not in use and only pair their devices with trusted ones. Users should also be wary of any unexpected or unsolicited Bluetooth requests or notifications and report any suspicious activity to their device manufacturer or service provider. aa16f39245